There are P waves (+) with regular PP intervals and a rate of 85 beats/min. The P waves have a normal morphology; they are positive in leads I, II, aVF, and V4-V6. This is a stable normal sinus rhythm ...

The R12 and R14 waves hold the key to the answer (Figures 2 and 3). These two QRS complexes are narrow and occur slightly earlier than others. They are PJCs and occur late enough to have a sinus P ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Effective management ...

If it’s important that an ECG is done, it’s important that it’s legible. Asking patients to hold their breath for a couple of seconds can help, or if fine tremor is a problem, try moving the limb ...

Atrial fibrillation is the most common chronic arrhythmia. It is characterized by erratic atrial electrical activity with atrial rates of 400 to 600 beats per minute. The P wave is absent on the ...

Wandering atrial pacemaker is similar to multifocal atrial tachycardia except the heart rate is normal ― that is, less than 100 beats per minute. Wandering atrial pacemaker occurs when multiple areas ...