An abnormal retention of urine can lead to kidney swelling and damage Medically reviewed by Cordelia Nwankwo, MD Hydronephrosis, or swollen kidney, occurs when urine backs up into one or both of the ...

The type of surgery that is needed depends upon the location of the scar, the cause and the length of the scar. This surgery is used when the stricture is close to the bladder. These strictures often ...

The management of giant hydronephrosis depends on the presence or absence of sepsis, and on residual renal function in the obstructed kidney and the contra-lateral renal unit. Sepsis warrants urgent ...

The human kidney filters blood to make urine. After urine is made, it goes into a funnel-shaped portion of the kidney called the collecting system. When this part of the kidney is enlarged and holding ...