Refraction is the change in direction of light when it passes from one medium to another. The working of a lens is based on the refraction of light when they pass through it. Lens is a transparent ...

One of the oldest problems in optics has been solved. Rafael Gonzalez from Mexico's Tecnologico de Monterrey has come up with an almost comically dense equation that can be used to almost completely ...

Sapphire crystal (Al2O3) is a sought-after substrate for a range of high-precision applications; for example, for aerospace and aeronautical vehicles and high-powered laser applications, such as Er: ...

Camera lenses are often described as being 'aspherical', but what does it mean, and is it the only way to design a lens? A lot of lenses are spherical, though. What we mean by “spherical” is usually ...