Retrograde autologous priming (RAP) is a means to effectively and safely restrict the hemodilution caused by the direct heart-lung machine priming volume and reduce the blood transfusion requirements during cardiac surgery. The goal of RAP before initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass is to displace the patient’s own blood with the volume from the circuit to minimize hemodilution. Since this is a simulation lab, we do not see arterial blood flow through the arterial line through the RAP line. #cvi

RGU finding check description

RGU PROCEDURE ( No obvious stricture /obstruction is seen )

Cystography & Urethrography -- Part 1